Whiteness and Citizenship - 971 Words

Captain Ahab’s eulogy of whiteness shows that the word â€Å"white† implies more than a chromatic description. â€Å"White† is an untenable perfection that has haunted the American psyche since colonial times. The idea of â€Å"white spiritual superiority† can only be enforce by a terrorist politico-legal system, based on brutalizing the non-whites and creating a national fantasy. A national fantasy defined by Lauren Berlant as the means â€Å"to designate how national culture becomes local through the images, narratives, monuments, and sites that circulate through personal/collective consciousness.† As Captain Ahab disregards all his craft’s safety rules on his mad search of the white whale, the American politico-legal system disregarded its basic†¦show more content†¦Whites were usually better off than the non-whites, but some groups outside whiteness were better than poor whites. At this point it is very important to make clear t he psychological association between white and empowered present in much of the whiteness field, an assumption that Sugrue argues can be very deceiving. The concept of whiteness has father a strong flow of academic work to explore whiteness, a problem to be explained and addressed. Theodore W. Allen argues that the idea of whiteness was born in the need for social control. In the introduction of the book, Allen claims that whiteness did not exist before 1705, and he pinpoints the 1705 Virginia Law codifying race as the beginning of whiteness in America. This same anti-racist trend was present in Roediger’s Towards the Abolition of Whiteness. Roedigers focus upon whites and their racial identity and â€Å"making whiteness, rather than simply white racism, the focus of study †¦ [showing] the impact that the dominant racial identity in the US has had †¦ on the ways that whites think of themselves, of power, of pleasure, and of gender.† Here Roediger argues how white Irish workers had class-conscious stake in whiteness as means of escape from the worst jobs associated with non-white workers. Irish assimilation into American society was facilitated by their stress upon whiteness, and how they accepted white consciousness and ideology in a process of becoming white. The process placed greaterShow MoreRelatedThe Naturalization Process During The Late 19th And Early 20th Century1486 Words   |  6 PagesIn the late 19th and early 20th century, immigrants began seeking citizenship through naturalization. With a massive influx of immigrants that were not clearly White or Black, the government needed to establish racial definitions. There was a notion of superiority that was associated with being â€Å"white†. When immigrants soon realized the value and importance of â€Å"whiteness† in America’s society, they quickly applied for citizenship. In response to their movement, the government created racial and non-racialRead MoreAsian Immigrants During The Nineteenth Century1590 Words   |  7 Pageslegal citizenship. For instance, the Naturalization Act of 1790 excluded both free blacks and Asian Americans from U.S. citizenship, while the 1870 revision expanded the white racial qualification to include â€Å"aliens of African nativity and to persons of African descent,† keeping aliens of Asian origin excluded. Even under harsh conditions, Asian immigrants did not give up attempting to be naturalized after 1870. However, it is remarkable that no Asian immigrants sought naturalized citizenship by claimingRead MoreThe Facade Of Universal Inclusion1539 Words   |  7 Pagesinclusion of all. Drawing from Hanna Pitkin, a larger more inclusive image of liberalism would also include obligation. This paper will argue that a fuller image of liberalism is not a prescription to end white citizenship, because universal inclusion will not address the root issue that white citizenship is inherently etched indelibly into the fabric of American politics. Opponents may argue that liberalism gives everyone with property the same rights through universal inclusion. People enter social contractsRead MoreDiversity Is An Important Element Of The United States1430 Words   |  6 Pagesarrival of immigrants in the United States in the 19th and early 20th century created many problems with how to deal with new cultures and naturalization of citizens of different races. These immigrants faced much adversity in the process of gaining citizenship due to racial qualifications for naturalization and fitting into separate race categories. Since white was the superior race in the United States, immigrants fought to prove their qualifications to fit into the â€Å"white† category in many ways. ThroughoutRead MoreWhiteness Of A Different Color1363 Words   |  6 PagesMatthew Frye Jacobson’s Whiteness of a Different Color offers innovative insight into the concept of â€Å"race† and the evolution of â€Å"whiteness† thro ughout American history. Jacobson focuses his analysis on the instability of racial identification over time and how race has been created and perceived throughout different stages of history. He states in his introduction that â€Å"one of the tasks before the historian is to discover which racial categories are useful to whom at a given moment, and why† (pRead MoreThe Naturalization Act Of 19061140 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1904, Theodore Roosevelt appointed the President’s Commission on Naturalization to gather opinions from members of the court system and immigration experts regarding ways to reform naturalization. Citizenship through naturalization, since it had previously been administered at the locale level, had been used by local groups to garner support for their political party. For instance, if a judge suspected that the person applying for naturalization would vote in favour of the party he supported inRead MoreThe Social Construction of Whiteness and Rac e in America1700 Words   |  7 PagesThe Social Construction of Whiteness and Race in America A comment was made in a blog post early on in the year about whiteness in American that bugged me. It’s a topic that came up a few times throughout the semester in and outside of class. Granted, this topic is based on a single blog post but a collection of comment and statements that were made on specific blogs and during class sessions. This topic I fin extremely important mainly because I felt as though there was some confusion around theRead MoreReflection Paper On The White Privilege848 Words   |  4 Pagestopic meanly discuss about the white privilege, which some American people may not even considered about before. Before I took course on week, I never think about white privilege, and how does the whiteness operating as a social system in our society today. And how does whiteness relate to the citizenship. As Richard Wright said: â€Å"There isn’t any Negro problem; there is only a white problem.† Lots of people keep thinking that â€Å"Americans† means white. After I read the reading assignment and watch theRead MoreThe White Scourge, By Neil Foley1104 Words   |  5 PagesTexas Cotton Culture In The White Scourge, Neil Foley gives detailed facts about the construction and reconstruction of whiteness and the connection of this whiteness to power, mainly on cotton culture in central Texas. Foley s book analyzes â€Å"whiteness† through detailed analysis of race, class, and gender. What was most intriguing about this book is its comparison of whiteness on various racial groups and classes, for and how each struggled in comparison to the other in order to thrive and existRead MoreCitizenship : The Identity Of The United States1454 Words   |  6 PagesA dictionary definition of citizenship states it as a position of being a citizen in a particular country/ region. Nakano Glenns definition is much more concentrated, focused on the details, and combines this status of citizenship along with gender and race. Glenn shows how the definition of citizenship changes when including race as well as gender and how this meant that white men were mainly seen as rightful citizens while minorities were effectively left out of this definition. Glenn writes in

Smoking ; Advertising Essay Example For Students

Smoking ; Advertising Essay Everyday 3,000 children start smoking, most them between the ages of10 and 18. These kids account for 90 percent of all new smokers. In fact,90 percent of all adult smokers said that they first lit up as teenagers(Roberts). These statistics clearly show that young people are the primetarget in the tobacco wars. The cigarette manufacturers may deny it, butadvertising and promotion play a vital part in making these facts a reality(Roberts). The kings of these media ploys are Marlboro and Camel. Marlboro uses afictional western character called The Marlboro Man, while Camel uses JoeCamel, a high-rolling, swinging cartoon character. Joe Camel, the smoothcharacter from R.J. Reynolds, who is shown as a dromedary with completestyle has been attacked by many Tobacco-Free Kids organizations as a majorinfluence on the children of America. Dr. Lonnie Bristow, AMA (AmericanMedical Association) spokesman, remarks that to kids, cute cartooncharacters mean that the product is harmless, but cigarett es are notharmless. They have to know that their ads are influencing the youth under18 to begin smoking(Breo). Researchers at the Medical College of Georgiareport that almost as many 6-year olds recognize Joe Camel as know MickeyMouse (Breo). That is very shocking information for any parent to hear. The industry denies that these symbols target people under 21 and claimthat their advertising goal is simply to promote brand switching andloyalty. So what do the tobacco companies do to keep their industry alive and well? Seemingly, they go toward a market that is not fully aware of the harm that cigarettes are capable of. Next to addiction, the tobacco industry depends on advertising as its mostpowerful tool in maintaining its success. Addiction is what keeps people smokingday after day; advertising cigarettes with delusive images is what causes millions tobe tempted enough to begin the lethal habit. Cigarettes are the most heavilyadvertised product in America. The tobacco industry spe nds billions of dollars eachyear to ensure that its products are associated with elegance, prosperity and finesse,rather than lung cancer, bronchitis and heart disease (Taylor 44). Since there is littleto distinguish one brand of cigarettes from the next, cigarettes must be advertisedthrough emotional appeals instead of product benefits. Thus, the cigarettes appealto the consumer is entirely a matter of perception, or rather, misperception. There are a few American publications such as the Readers Digest, GoodHousekeeping, the New Yorker, and Washington Monthly that do not acceptcigarette advertising as a matter of principle. But for the majority of Americanpublications, the millions of dollars they receive each year from tobaccoadvertisements is not only enough to keep the advertisements running throughoutthe year, but enough to control the material they publish. On many occasions,newspaper and magazine editors have pulled out articles on smoking and health thatthey would have otherwise published if the articles did not have the ability tointerfere with their relations with the cigarette companies. An article in the ColumbiaJournalism Revue, analyzing coverage which leading national magazines had givento cigarettes and cancer in the 1970s, concluded that it was:. . . unable to find a single article in 7 years of publication that would have givenreaders any clear notion of the nature and extent of the medical and soci al havocbeing wreaked by the cigarette-smoking habit. . . one must conclude that advertisingrevenue can indeed silence the editors of American magazines. (qtd. in Taylor 45)Of all of the newspapers and magazines in America, those with the largestpercent of teenage readers seem to be the tobacco industrys favorite places foradvertising. Similarly, tobacco advertisement remains most popular among billboardslocated closest to colleges, high schools, and even junior highs. This approach ofadvertising to young people has been kept a closely guarded secret since, besidesbeing illegal, the companies are ashamed of it. If they had a choice, cigarettecompanies would simply keep their business between the adult population and nothave to worry about enticing children into smoking but that is not the case. Thereare two fundamental reasons why it is necessary for the tobacco industry to markettheir products towards young people (Hilts 63-64):Nicotine addiction, which is paramount to the industr y, does not develop inadults. Among adults over age 21 who begin smoking for the first time, over 90percent soon stop completely (65). Among young people ages 12 through 17, whosmoke at least a pack a day, 84 percent reported that they were dependent oncigarettes. Virtually all tobacco use begins at childhood. Half of the adult smokingpopulation has started by age 14 (Glantz et al. 59); nearly 90 percent of those whowill smoke as adults are already smoking daily by the time they reach age 19. It cantake up to three years of smoking to establish a nicotine addiction; adults simply donot stick with it long enough (Hilts 65). Child Abuse Can Kill EssayThe effectiveness of the tobacco industrys psychologically designedpromotions has been remarkable. Coinciding with the 1967 ad campaigns whichtargeted young girls, there was a sudden rise in teenage, female smokers: 110percent in 12-year-olds, 55 percent in 13-year-olds, 70 percent 14-year-olds, 75percent in 15-year-olds, 55 percent in 16-year-olds, and 35 percent in 17-year olds(Hilts 69). Within three years after Camels were introduced to children in 1988, thebrand jumped from 3 percent to more than 13 percent of the cigarette market; thejump was even larger among the youngest groups (70). An R.J. Reynolds executivewas asked exactly who the young people are that are being targeted, junior highschool kids, or even younger? His reply made RJRs objective clear: They got lips?We Want em. If this is truly who the tobacco industry is aiming for, theirachievements are considerable. More than 100,000 American children ages 12 andunder are habitual smokers (Mixon 3). Every day, 3,000 to 5,000 American kidslight a cigarette for the first time. Children spend a billion dollars a year oncigarettes. Tobacco companies must make sure that they recruit enough newsmokers every day, taking into account that they loose one of their life-longcustomers to disease every 13 seconds (Starr and Taggart 706). Tobacco products have claimed the lives of more people than those whodied in World War Two (Jaffa 85). The sum of its victims exceeds the number ofdeaths resulting from alcohol abuse, illegal drug abuse, AIDS, traffic accidents,homicides, and suicides combined (Glantz xvii). There are thousands of documentsfrom tobacco companies which reveal that the industry has been remarkablysuccessful in protecting its ability to market an addictive product that not only kills itscustomers by the millions, but also shrinks the economy by 22 billion dollarsannually (Starr and Taggart 706). The industry has uniquely been able to market itslethal products by tactfully instilling completely irrational desires in the vulnerableminds of children. Although tobacco products have been proven to be seriouslyhazardous to health, some 50 million Americans continue to smoke regularly; this isnot necessarily a matter of personal choice as the companies claim. Rather, afterseducing young peoples minds (by expla ining smoking as glamorous rather thandeadly), the whole business trusts that these youths will continue to smoke becausethey will develop addictions to the nicotine in tobacco. Along with some help fromthe government, the industry fights regulation of their product through the skilledlegal, political, and public relations tactics that helped them create an imaginarycontroversy on the effects of smoking. This situation, however, is slowly changing. The deception of the tobacco industry has recently become better publicized throughthe revelation of internal documents which previously have been suppressed by thecompanies. (Among these documents, those of Brown ; Willamson and have beengreatly exposed.) Every day, organizations such as the FDA (Food and DrugAdministration) are taking steps to control the virtually unregulated sale of cigarettesand other tobacco products. Until something effective is done, however, the bestway to fight the merchants of death is to influence their prey the impressionableminds of children before they do. Social Issues

Nash Equilibrium Theory

Introduction Nash equilibrium is a challenge that has acquired many increasing applications in both the internet and economics. It is evident from the internet that it is hard to count all the Nash equilibrium of a two player game. This is so even if the entry of the matrix is 0 or even 1.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nash Equilibrium Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nevertheless, the complexity which is involved in finding the Nash equilibrium is open and has been actually opposed as one of the most significant wide open problems in the complexity theory today. There is a new polynomial reduction given in finding the Nash equilibrium in the general bi-matrix games in finding Nash equilibrium in the games where all the playoffs are either 1 or 0 (Kim, 2004). Once a given problem is shown intractable in the in complexity theory, the research for the same shifts towards the directions of polynomial algori thms for approximation or modest goals and the exponential bounds which are lower for the restricted algorithm classes. We however conclude that Nash algorithm is a concept of solution of a game that involves two or more players in it, where by assumption has been made that every player understands the strategies of the equilibrium for the players and that not even one player has a thing to gain by altering his own strategies unilaterally (Kim, 2000). Algorithm for the Nash equilibrium In calculating the Algorithm for Nash equilibrium, we give out a common algorithm for calculating the Nash equilibrium of the bi-matrix game within an exponential time. The calculation relies on the proposition that; given the existence of a Nash equilibrium with the supports S1 = Supp (x) and S2 = Supp (y), there will be a polynomial time of the algorithm in order to compute a Nash equilibrium with the definite supports stated. In the question, we will calculate the Nash equilibrium as follows: Let S i1 be the ith row of S1, and Sj2 be the jth column of S2Advertising Looking for essay on math statistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More We then solve the linear program based on the 2n + 3 variables: The variables: a, b ≠¥ 0, U, V, á µÅ¸ The solution is then shown to the given conditions in a Nash equilibrium having the supports (S1, S2). The set of the constraints demands that the probabilities ai be non-negative and add up to one. They should also be 0 outside the required support with at least á µÅ¸ within the desired support (Freund, 2006). The following charts show the Nash Equilibrium tables. The steps I used in calculating the Nash equilibrium.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nash Equilibrium Theory specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More I examined the payoff matrix and determine what payoffs belong to whom I determined each player’s b est response in all other actions of the other players, this process is done to all other players The Nash equilibrium hence exists where each player’s best response is similar to the other player’s best response For instance Step one Cooperate Non cooperate Cooperate 2000(B) 1500(A) 4000(B) 50(A) Non Cooperate 100(B) 2000(A) 101(B) 60(A) Step two Cooperate Non cooperate Cooperate 2000(B) 1500(A) 4000(B) 50(A) Non Cooperate 100(B) (2000) 101(B) (60) Step three Cooperate Non cooperate Cooperate 2000(B) 1500(A) 4000(B) 50(A) Non Cooperate 100(B) 2000(A) (101) 60(A) Proof of equilibrium The algorithm is simple and enumerates all the pairs (S1, S2) where by S1 is the sub set of the pure strategies of the row player while S2 is the pure strategies for the column player. For every pair, the equilibrium is used to find the Nash equilibrium in case one exists with the specified supports. In case no Nash equilibrium exists with the supports, th e algorithm terminates within the polynomial time and either asserts that there is no solution existing or for one with a á µÅ¸ = 0. In the case latter case described, the solution to the problem will be a valid Nash equilibrium therefore the algorithm will find necessarily Nash equilibrium whenever it uses the initial algorithm on the support of the described Nash equilibrium. Hence, there exist at most the following in the solution: The 2m Ãâ€" 2n kind of pairs of the sets, therefore we get a total of (n + m) 0(1) 2(m + n) total time (Kim, 2000).Advertising Looking for essay on math statistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Proof of negotiation algorithm The original proof of the existence of the Nash equilibrium is the Brouwer’s fixed point theorem. The proof is as follows: we can have the best of all correspondence for all other players with the relation from the set of the probability distributions over the profile of the opponent players to the set strategies as given in the supports, the profile of the mixed strategy of all the players except for player Si1. Analysis of negotiation algorithm Nash algorithm is a concept of solution of a game that involves two or more players in it, where by an assumption has been made that every player understands the strategies of the equilibrium for the players and that not even one player has a thing to gain by altering his own strategies unilaterally (Freund, 2006). Nash algorithm is a concept of solution of a game that involves two or more players in it, where by assumption has been made that every player understands the strategies of the equilibrium fo r the players and that not even one player has a thing to gain by altering his own strategies unilaterally. In calculating the Algorithm for Nash equilibrium, we give out a common algorithm for calculating the Nash equilibrium of the bi-matrix game within an exponential time. The calculation relies on the proposition that; given the existence of a Nash equilibrium with the supports S1 = Supp (x) and S2 = Supp (y), there will be a polynomial time of the algorithm in order to compute a Nash equilibrium with the definite supports stated. Autoregressive models The basic structure of an autoregressive model of the order p is indicated by the notation AR (p). It is defined as When the formulae are broken down into different sections that are used to determine the natural phenomena, its sub sections are as follows: are the parameters of the model in use C is the constant Is used to define the white noise (Friedman, 2001). For the prediction of natural phenomenon to occur using this for mula, the model has to incorporate the whole autoregressive moving average model (Kim, 2000). Autoregressive moving average model To describe a standard ARMA equation we will use the example below which further breaks down the equations used in the autoregressive models. This model refers to a model with p autoregressive terms involved in an equation and q moving average terms in the same instance. Its combines the AR (p) and MA (q) of which the moving average model in the above equation is explained below MA (q) This model refers to moving average of the standard model of order q This is broken down into the following sectors of the equation to determine the outcome of moving averages in the combined model. ÃŽ ¸1,†¦, ÃŽ ¸q are the limits ÃŽ ¼ is the expectation of the time series model ÃŽ µt,ÃŽ µt-1 is the white noise error terms. Example equation The path-order AR (AR(p)) Random Process is given by x(n) = −a(1)x(n − 1) − a(2)x(n − 2) − ãÆ' » ãÆ' » ãÆ' » − a(p)x(n − p) + w(n) (1) where by; w(n) is white noise having variance ÏÆ'w2 (k), k = 1,†¦ , p are the AR parameters. We assume that x(n) is real. The autocorrelation function of the AR process, rx(k), also satisfies the autoregressive property, this leads to the well-known Yule-Walker equations for the AR parameters rx(k)=- (k-i), k- 1 Suppose the measurements used to estimate the AR parameters can be modeled as ËÅ"x(n) = x(n) + v(n) where v(n) is white noise having variance  ¾2v, then the parameter estimates derived from the Yule-Walker equations will be biased since, rËÅ"x(k) = rx(k) +  ±(k) ¾2v where  ±(k) is the Dirac delta function. It has been shown that the biased AR parameters produce a â€Å"flatter† AR spectrum since the estimated poles of the AR process are biased toward the center of the unit circle [1]. A number of methods have been described for estimating the AR parameters using noisy measurements, some of these m ethods are surveyed in [1, 5] (Freund, 2006). The Noise-Compensated Yule-Walker (NCYW) equations are defined as (RËÅ"x −  ¸B) u = 0p+q (3), Where the dimensions of RËÅ"x,B, and u are (p + q) Ãâ€" (p + 1) , (p + q) Ãâ€" (p + 1), and (p + 1) Ãâ€" 1, respectively. The unknowns in (3) are u and  ¸, so clearly, equality holds when  ¸ =  ¾2v and u =  · 1 a(1) a(2)†¦ a(p)  ¸T. We observe that the first p equations are nonlinear in the AR parameters, u, and the measurement noise variance, The next q equations however are linear in u. In general there exist p distinct ( ¸, u) solving (3), the solution is taken to be that which corresponds to the minimum real value of  ¸ solving (3). A number of authors have observed that solving the p nonlinear equations, in addition to the q linear equations can improve the parameter estimates [2, 3, 4]. In [5], a matrix pencil method based on the Noise-Compensated Yule-Walker (NCYW) equations was presented which was found to out-perform several other methods for AR-in noise parameter estimation. None of these papers have established the minimum number of linear equations that are required for the solution of the NCYW equations to be the unique, correct solution. It is clear that q ≠¥ p linear equations are sufficient to insure that the solution is unique, in this case, all other ( ¸, u) solving (3) are complex. However, the minimum value of q needed to insure a unique solution has not been established. This is an important consideration because using a large value of q, which would guarantee a unique solution, also implies computing more high-order autocorrelation lag estimates which can reduce the solution accuracy since these tend to have a larger estimation variance. Hence one would like to choose the smallest value of q that still guarantees a unique solution (Friedman, 2001). One might expect that since there are a total of p + q equations in p + 1 unknowns, fewer then q = p linear equation s are needed. In other words, if only one linear equation were used, q = 1, this would still give p + 1equations in p + 1 unknowns, hence a unique solution could still exist. In this correspondence, we show that this is not the case and q ≠¥ p is also a necessary condition for there to exist a unique solution (Friedman, 2001). Conclusion The coalition proof of the Nash equilibrium concept applies to specify non cooperative surroundings where by players can freely share and discuss their game strategies but cannot make any changes or even binding commitments. The concept emphasizes the self enforcing immunization to deviations. The best response in the game in Nash equilibrium is therefore necessary for self-enforceability. This is not sufficient generally when players can deviate jointly in a way that is beneficial mutually. The proof Nash equilibrium refines the concept via a stronger conception of the self-enforceability that gives room for the multilateral deviations (Freund , 2006). Nash algorithm is a concept of solution of a game that involves two or more players in it, where by assumption has been made that every player understands the strategies of the equilibrium for the players and that not even one player has a thing to gain by altering his own strategies unilaterally. To describe a standard ARMA equation we will use the example below which further breaks down the equations used in the autoregressive models. The calculation relies on the proposition that; given the existence of a Nash equilibrium with the supports S1 = Supp (x) and S2 = Supp (y), there will be a polynomial time of the algorithm in order to compute a Nash equilibrium with the definite supports stated (Freund, 2006). A number of authors have observed that solving the p nonlinear equations, in addition to the q linear equations can improve the parameter estimates [2, 3, 4]. In [5], a matrix pencil method based on the Noise-Compensated Yule-Walker (NCYW) equations was presented whic h was found to out-perform several other methods for AR-in noise parameter estimation. None of these papers have established the minimum number of linear equations that are required for the solution of the NCYW equations to be the unique, correct solution. It is clear that q ≠¥ p linear equations are sufficient to insure that the solution is unique, in this case, all other ( ¸, u) solving (3) are complex. In summary, Nash equilibrium is challenge that has acquired many increasing applications in both the internet and economics. It is evident from the internet that is hard to count all the Nash equilibrium of a two player game. This is so even if the entry of the matrix is 0 or even 1. Nevertheless, the complexity involved in finding the Nash equilibrium is open and has been actually opposed as one of the most significant wide open problems in the complexity theory today. There is a new polynomial reduction given in finding the Nash equilibrium in the general bi-matrix games i n finding Nash equilibrium in the games where all the playoffs are either 1 or 0. In complexity theory, once a given problem is shown intractable, the research for the same shifts towards the directions of polynomial algorithms for approximation or modest goals, exponential bounds which are lower for the restricted algorithm classes (Friedman, 2001). References Freund, S. (2006). Adaptive game playing using multiplicative weights. New York: Prentice Hall. Friedman, S.(2001). Learning and implementation on the Internet. London: Springer. Kim, C. (2000). Fixed Point Theorems with Applications to Economics and Game  Theory. London: Cambridge University Press. Kim, C. (2004). Infinite Dimensional Analysis: London, Springer This essay on Nash Equilibrium Theory was written and submitted by user Ayanna Parker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

SUMMARY OF THE MOON IS DOWN essays

SUMMARY OF THE MOON IS DOWN essays In the first chapter, we learn that a small town has been taken over by one of the many Nazi groups during World War Two. Mr. Corell The town good guy, the way I view it, sent the town postmen and policemen on a boating trip, keeping them from the invasion. After the invasion, the Nazis request a meeting with the towns Mayor, Mayor Orden. Joseph and Doctor Winter, two of Mayor Ordens colleagues, await the arrival of Nazis too. The two meet Captain Bentick, a rank lower than Colonel Lanser who is the one who had requested the meeting. Bentick searches the home. During the meeting Annie, Mayor Ordens cook, becomes very aggravated by the soldiers who wait outside the front porch of the Mayors home, and throws a pot of boiling water at them. In the second chapter, Steinbeck explains the characteristics of each of the Nazis. Major Hunter, an engineer, arithmetician, and seemingly indifferent to the fact that he is a soldier. Captain Bentick, a family man, was old and kind. Bentick also has certain admiration to the English. Captain Loft, a young man, took much pride in the fact that he was a soldier. He dreams of his own death on the battlefield, where he is respected. Lieutenants Prackle and Tonder were snot noses, undergraduates, lieutenants, trained in the politics of the day. Colonel Lanser takes much pride in what he does. To me, he sees life as an order given by a higher rank The third chapter begins with a discussion between Annie and Joseph, who are talking about Alexander Morden and the death of Captain Bentick. Joseph reveals to Annie what he surely thinks will happen... Theyll shoot him. Annie is rejecting the awful thought. Unfortunately it is true and Alex will be tried. Molly Morden, Alexs wife, met with the Mayor because of a rumor that had been circulating in the town. You wouldnt convict Alex wo...

Celebrities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Celebrities - Essay Example As a result, there are pros and cons when a company decides to contract a celebrity to be the face of its product or service. Celebrity endorsers are individuals who are known to the public for achievements in areas other than that of the product-category endorsed. The individual enjoys public acknowledgement and who uses this acknowledgement on behalf of a product or service by appearing with it in an advertisement. As well as promoting established brands, celebrity endorsers are used to promulgate new brand images, reposition brands or introduce new ones (Pride, 2013). The use of celebrities has become a common practice for companies competing in today’s cluttered media environment, with one in five marketing campaigns now featuring celebrities. The use of celebrities as endorsers tends to create, attempts to create positive effects in the minds of consumers, operating alongside consumers’ owned culturally formed meanings. Companies invest large sums of money to align their brands and themselves with endorsers. The rising popularity of this phenomenon is due to increasing consumer consciousness and new product proliferation, and encouraging marketers to use attention-creating media stars to assist in product marketing. Initially, the use of celebrity endorsers seemed to be an all-gain/no-risk situation, but as with any dynamic marketing communication strategy, there are potential hazards (Dietrich & Livingston, 2012). Hence, before a company embarks on the process of hiring celebrity endorsers to market its product and services, it ought to critically analyze the pros and cons of using this kind of marketing strategy. Nike is one of the companies that have enlisted the services of celebrity to market its new elite speed mercurial vapor playing boots currently worn by Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi. Pros of celebrity endorsers Celebrity endorsers can create positive buzz and attract both new customers and investors. The exposure companies can get by associating by their products with a celebrity is such a lucrative opportunity such that businesses often give away products in the hope of attracting celebrity interest. Furthermore, celebrity endorsers help to increase mainstream exposure. Most companies are aware the Western culture is infatuated with celebrities. Hence, for a company that has just gained a foothold of the market, the use of a celebrity figure will enable the company to drive a lot of eyeballs towards its product or service. The use of celebrity endorsers will help to increase the credibility of the product. Even though there are celebrities that have developed a love to hate relationship with members of the public, their appearance in various products can help to generate the appearance of credibility for both developing and established companies. A lot of consumers prefer to use that product or service that has a celebrity on it since it signifies that the product has something worth checking out. The u se of celebrity endorsers tends to generate compelling content, which has often, proved to be an elusive aspect for content-driven businesses. As a result, the use of celebrities will enable the company to produce the type of content that can hardly be bought regardless of the amount of money that the company intends to use in marketing the product or servic

6.Critically evaluate the contribution of different feminist Essay

6.Critically evaluate the contribution of different feminist approaches to the discipline of Sociology - Essay Example usually emphasize on the ‘male domination of society’ (Kirby, 2000, p.90) trying to explain the causes for various social phenomena; the above method of explaining the development of social facts leads to the justification of certain social facts and the ignorance of others; it is mentioned, for instance, by Kirby (2000) that feminist approaches are used in order to explain the abuse of women by men but there is no reference to the opposite phenomenon. Despite their weaknesses, the feminist approaches have contributed to the development of sociology but this contribution has different aspects and consequences in the context explained below. Feminist perspectives in sociology are likely to have a specific theoretical form; this form is usually depended on the social theory on which these perspectives are based; the above fact is made clear in the study of Rege (2003) where it is noted that ‘a popular method of categorizing feminist theory has been the hyphenated approach: liberal, radical, Marxist, socialist, postmodern and black feminisms’ (Rege, 2003, p.51The development of feminist approaches in sociology has led to severe conflicts among researchers that study the specific field; more specifically, it has been supported that the existence of feminist approaches implies that in sociology there are also ‘masculine’ approaches (Hage, 1994, p.140); this fact leads to the assumption that social theories are not based on the observation and objective interpretation of social phenomena but they are likely to be influenced by the gender of the sociologist involved. This assumption could lead to the decrease of quality and validity of social theories. The above view would also imply that theories that are quite known and which are not characterized as based on a feminist approach of social phenomena, for instance the positivism, cannot be used in order to explain social conditions or actions that are related to women – for example the role of the women in

The Long Road Ahead Essay Example for Free

The Long Road Ahead Essay Good afternoon , I am James Brady. Born and raised in Akron,Ohio for the past 25 years. I am currently attending The University of Akron for my Bachelors in the science of nursing. My life has taken many different roads when it comes to career choices. I graduated from Garfield high school in 2006 where I took the vocation of Heating Cooling and Air Conditioning. After highschool I attended Mount Union where I played offensive guard for the football team. While attending Mount Union i was enrolled in the Police Academy, but unfortunate event happened. I took a cheap shot to the knee during a football game and was unable to continue playing. Along with losing my ability to play football, I also lost my first career choice. I decided to come back home to Akron and have my knee fixed. After knee surgery and rehab I got a job working at Goodyear as a chemical operator. Being 19 years old making good money i believed i was living my definition of the Dream. That dream of mine ended abruptly two years later when Goodyear had big layoffs. Being stuck without a job and a mortage payment, I began to reasse my life at this point. While sitting at the Drs office for a check up on my knee I started a conversation with a paramedic about possibly pursueing a career as a medic. The paramedic politely pushed me into becoming a nurse explaining to me all the different types of oppurtunitys there are in the nursing field. After a lot of conteplating, I decided to attend Akron School of Practical Nursing. ASPN was a 9 month accelerated LPN program , where I graduated with Honors and the class president. Shortly after school I got a job working at the Medina County Juvenile Detention Center as a nurse. Recieving my LPN license was just a stepping stone in my career path of becoming a BSN. After graduating from LPN school I started at the University of Akron where I was able to skip the waiting list and get right into the nursing program without a wait due to already having my nursing licenses as an LPN. So after the long road i have traveled since high school i am currently here today working at juvenile detention center, going to school full time and raising my son.